| Package | Description | 
|---|---|
| org.apache.commons.math3 | Common classes used throughout the commons-math library. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation | 
   This package holds the main interfaces and basic building block classes
   dealing with differentiation. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.interpolation | Univariate real functions interpolation algorithms. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.distribution | Implementations of common discrete and continuous distributions. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.geometry | 
 This package is the top level package for geometry. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.geometry.euclidean.oned | 
 This package provides basic 1D geometry components. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.geometry.euclidean.threed | 
 This package provides basic 3D geometry components. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.geometry.euclidean.twod | 
 This package provides basic 2D geometry components. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.geometry.spherical.twod | 
 This package provides basic geometry components on the 2-sphere. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.linear | Linear algebra support. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.stat.inference | Classes providing hypothesis testing. | 
| org.apache.commons.math3.util | Convenience routines and common data structures used throughout the commons-math library. | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| T | FieldElement. divide(T a)Compute this ÷ a. | 
| T | FieldElement. reciprocal()Returns the multiplicative inverse of  thiselement. | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| double | DerivativeStructure. taylor(double... delta)Evaluate Taylor expansion a derivative structure. | 
| double | DSCompiler. taylor(double[] ds,
      int dsOffset,
      double... delta)Evaluate Taylor expansion of a derivative structure. | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| void | HermiteInterpolator. addSamplePoint(double x,
              double[]... value)Add a sample point. | 
| void | FieldHermiteInterpolator. addSamplePoint(T x,
              T[]... value)Add a sample point. | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| double | KolmogorovSmirnovDistribution. cdf(double d)Deprecated.  Calculates  P(D_n < d)using method described in [1] with quick
 decisions for extreme values given in [2] (see above). | 
| double | KolmogorovSmirnovDistribution. cdf(double d,
   boolean exact)Deprecated.  Calculates  P(D_n < d)using method described in [1] with quick
 decisions for extreme values given in [2] (see above). | 
| double | KolmogorovSmirnovDistribution. cdfExact(double d)Deprecated.  Calculates  P(D_n < d)using method described in [1] with quick
 decisions for extreme values given in [2] (see above). | 
| Constructor and Description | 
|---|
| EnumeratedDistribution(List<Pair<T,Double>> pmf)Create an enumerated distribution using the given probability mass function
 enumeration. | 
| EnumeratedDistribution(RandomGenerator rng,
                      List<Pair<T,Double>> pmf)Create an enumerated distribution using the given random number generator
 and probability mass function enumeration. | 
| EnumeratedIntegerDistribution(int[] singletons,
                             double[] probabilities)Create a discrete distribution using the given probability mass function
 definition. | 
| EnumeratedIntegerDistribution(RandomGenerator rng,
                             int[] singletons,
                             double[] probabilities)Create a discrete distribution using the given random number generator
 and probability mass function definition. | 
| EnumeratedRealDistribution(double[] singletons,
                          double[] probabilities)Create a discrete real-valued distribution using the given probability mass function
 enumeration. | 
| EnumeratedRealDistribution(RandomGenerator rng,
                          double[] singletons,
                          double[] probabilities)Create a discrete real-valued distribution using the given random number generator
 and probability mass function enumeration. | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| Vector<S> | Vector. normalize()Get a normalized vector aligned with the instance. | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| Vector1D | Vector1D. normalize()Get a normalized vector aligned with the instance. | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| static <T extends RealFieldElement<T>>  | FieldVector3D. angle(FieldVector3D<T> v1,
     FieldVector3D<T> v2)Compute the angular separation between two vectors. | 
| static <T extends RealFieldElement<T>>  | FieldVector3D. angle(FieldVector3D<T> v1,
     Vector3D v2)Compute the angular separation between two vectors. | 
| static <T extends RealFieldElement<T>>  | FieldVector3D. angle(Vector3D v1,
     FieldVector3D<T> v2)Compute the angular separation between two vectors. | 
| static double | Vector3D. angle(Vector3D v1,
     Vector3D v2)Compute the angular separation between two vectors. | 
| Vector3D | Vector3D. normalize()Get a normalized vector aligned with the instance. | 
| FieldVector3D<T> | FieldVector3D. normalize()Get a normalized vector aligned with the instance. | 
| Vector3D | Vector3D. orthogonal()Get a vector orthogonal to the instance. | 
| FieldVector3D<T> | FieldVector3D. orthogonal()Get a vector orthogonal to the instance. | 
| void | Plane. reset(Vector3D p,
     Vector3D normal)Reset the instance as if built from a point and a normal. | 
| Constructor and Description | 
|---|
| FieldRotation(FieldVector3D<T> u,
             FieldVector3D<T> v)Build one of the rotations that transform one vector into another one. | 
| FieldRotation(FieldVector3D<T> u1,
             FieldVector3D<T> u2,
             FieldVector3D<T> v1,
             FieldVector3D<T> v2)Build the rotation that transforms a pair of vectors into another pair. | 
| Plane(Vector3D normal)Deprecated. 
 as of 3.3, replaced with  Plane.Plane(Vector3D, double) | 
| Plane(Vector3D normal,
     double tolerance)Build a plane normal to a given direction and containing the origin. | 
| Plane(Vector3D p,
     Vector3D normal)Deprecated. 
 as of 3.3, replaced with  Plane.Plane(Vector3D, Vector3D, double) | 
| Plane(Vector3D p,
     Vector3D normal,
     double tolerance)Build a plane from a point and a normal. | 
| Plane(Vector3D p1,
     Vector3D p2,
     Vector3D p3)Deprecated. 
 as of 3.3, replaced with  Plane.Plane(Vector3D, Vector3D, Vector3D, double) | 
| Plane(Vector3D p1,
     Vector3D p2,
     Vector3D p3,
     double tolerance)Build a plane from three points. | 
| Rotation(Vector3D u,
        Vector3D v)Build one of the rotations that transform one vector into another one. | 
| Rotation(Vector3D u1,
        Vector3D u2,
        Vector3D v1,
        Vector3D v2)Build the rotation that transforms a pair of vectors into another pair. | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| static double | Vector2D. angle(Vector2D v1,
     Vector2D v2)Compute the angular separation between two vectors. | 
| Vector2D | Vector2D. normalize()Get a normalized vector aligned with the instance. | 
| Constructor and Description | 
|---|
| S2Point(Vector3D vector)Simple constructor. | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| double | RealVector. cosine(RealVector v)Computes the cosine of the angle between this vector and the
 argument. | 
| ArrayFieldVector<T> | ArrayFieldVector. ebeDivide(ArrayFieldVector<T> v)Element-by-element division. | 
| FieldVector<T> | FieldVector. ebeDivide(FieldVector<T> v)Element-by-element division. | 
| FieldVector<T> | SparseFieldVector. ebeDivide(FieldVector<T> v)Element-by-element division. | 
| FieldVector<T> | ArrayFieldVector. ebeDivide(FieldVector<T> v)Element-by-element division. | 
| FieldVector<T> | FieldVector. mapDivide(T d)Map a division operation to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | SparseFieldVector. mapDivide(T d)Map a division operation to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | ArrayFieldVector. mapDivide(T d)Map a division operation to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | FieldVector. mapDivideToSelf(T d)Map a division operation to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | SparseFieldVector. mapDivideToSelf(T d)Map a division operation to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | ArrayFieldVector. mapDivideToSelf(T d)Map a division operation to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | FieldVector. mapInv()Map the 1/x function to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | SparseFieldVector. mapInv()Map the 1/x function to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | ArrayFieldVector. mapInv()Map the 1/x function to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | FieldVector. mapInvToSelf()Map the 1/x function to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | SparseFieldVector. mapInvToSelf()Map the 1/x function to each entry. | 
| FieldVector<T> | ArrayFieldVector. mapInvToSelf()Map the 1/x function to each entry. | 
| ArrayFieldVector<T> | ArrayFieldVector. projection(ArrayFieldVector<T> v)Find the orthogonal projection of this vector onto another vector. | 
| FieldVector<T> | FieldVector. projection(FieldVector<T> v)Find the orthogonal projection of this vector onto another vector. | 
| FieldVector<T> | SparseFieldVector. projection(FieldVector<T> v)Find the orthogonal projection of this vector onto another vector. | 
| FieldVector<T> | ArrayFieldVector. projection(FieldVector<T> v)Find the orthogonal projection of this vector onto another vector. | 
| RealVector | RealVector. projection(RealVector v)Find the orthogonal projection of this vector onto another vector. | 
| static void | MatrixUtils. solveLowerTriangularSystem(RealMatrix rm,
                          RealVector b)Solve  a  system of composed of a Lower Triangular Matrix
  RealMatrix. | 
| static void | MatrixUtils. solveUpperTriangularSystem(RealMatrix rm,
                          RealVector b)Solver a  system composed  of an Upper Triangular Matrix
  RealMatrix. | 
| void | RealVector. unitize()Converts this vector into a unit vector. | 
| void | OpenMapRealVector. unitize()Converts this vector into a unit vector. | 
| RealVector | RealVector. unitVector()Creates a unit vector pointing in the direction of this vector. | 
| OpenMapRealVector | OpenMapRealVector. unitVector()Creates a unit vector pointing in the direction of this vector. | 
| Constructor and Description | 
|---|
| EigenDecomposition(RealMatrix matrix)Calculates the eigen decomposition of the given real matrix. | 
| EigenDecomposition(RealMatrix matrix,
                  double splitTolerance)Deprecated. 
 in 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0) due to unused parameter | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| double | KolmogorovSmirnovTest. cdf(double d,
   int n)Calculates \(P(D_n < d)\) using the method described in [1] with quick decisions for extreme
 values given in [2] (see above). | 
| double | KolmogorovSmirnovTest. cdf(double d,
   int n,
   boolean exact)Calculates  P(D_n < d)using method described in [1] with quick decisions for extreme
 values given in [2] (see above). | 
| double | KolmogorovSmirnovTest. cdfExact(double d,
        int n)Calculates  P(D_n < d). | 
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description | 
|---|---|
| static int | ArithmeticUtils. addAndCheck(int x,
           int y)Add two integers, checking for overflow. | 
| static long | ArithmeticUtils. addAndCheck(long a,
           long b)Add two long integers, checking for overflow. | 
| static int | FastMath. addExact(int a,
        int b)Add two numbers, detecting overflows. | 
| static long | FastMath. addExact(long a,
        long b)Add two numbers, detecting overflows. | 
| static long | CombinatoricsUtils. binomialCoefficient(int n,
                   int k)Returns an exact representation of the  Binomial
 Coefficient, " n choose k", the number ofk-element subsets that can be selected from ann-element set. | 
| static long | ArithmeticUtils. binomialCoefficient(int n,
                   int k)Deprecated. 
 | 
| static double | CombinatoricsUtils. binomialCoefficientDouble(int n,
                         int k)Returns a  doublerepresentation of the  Binomial
 Coefficient, "n choose k", the number ofk-element subsets that can be selected from ann-element set. | 
| static double | ArithmeticUtils. binomialCoefficientDouble(int n,
                         int k)Deprecated. 
 | 
| static double | CombinatoricsUtils. binomialCoefficientLog(int n,
                      int k)Returns the natural  logof the  Binomial
 Coefficient, "n choose k", the number ofk-element subsets that can be selected from ann-element set. | 
| static double | ArithmeticUtils. binomialCoefficientLog(int n,
                      int k)Deprecated. 
 | 
| static byte | MathUtils. copySign(byte magnitude,
        byte sign)Returns the first argument with the sign of the second argument. | 
| static int | MathUtils. copySign(int magnitude,
        int sign)Returns the first argument with the sign of the second argument. | 
| static long | MathUtils. copySign(long magnitude,
        long sign)Returns the first argument with the sign of the second argument. | 
| static short | MathUtils. copySign(short magnitude,
        short sign)Returns the first argument with the sign of the second argument. | 
| static int | FastMath. decrementExact(int n)Decrement a number, detecting overflows. | 
| static long | FastMath. decrementExact(long n)Decrement a number, detecting overflows. | 
| BigReal | BigReal. divide(BigReal a)Compute this ÷ a. | 
| static long | CombinatoricsUtils. factorial(int n)Returns n!. | 
| static long | ArithmeticUtils. factorial(int n)Deprecated. 
 | 
| static int | FastMath. floorDiv(int a,
        int b)Finds q such that a = q b + r with 0 <= r < b if b > 0 and b < r <= 0 if b < 0. | 
| static long | FastMath. floorDiv(long a,
        long b)Finds q such that a = q b + r with 0 <= r < b if b > 0 and b < r <= 0 if b < 0. | 
| static int | FastMath. floorMod(int a,
        int b)Finds r such that a = q b + r with 0 <= r < b if b > 0 and b < r <= 0 if b < 0. | 
| static int | ArithmeticUtils. gcd(int p,
   int q)Computes the greatest common divisor of the absolute value of two
 numbers, using a modified version of the "binary gcd" method. | 
| static long | ArithmeticUtils. gcd(long p,
   long q)
 Gets the greatest common divisor of the absolute value of two numbers,
 using the "binary gcd" method which avoids division and modulo
 operations. | 
| static int | FastMath. incrementExact(int n)Increment a number, detecting overflows. | 
| static long | FastMath. incrementExact(long n)Increment a number, detecting overflows. | 
| static int | ArithmeticUtils. lcm(int a,
   int b)
 Returns the least common multiple of the absolute value of two numbers,
 using the formula  lcm(a,b) = (a / gcd(a,b)) * b. | 
| static long | ArithmeticUtils. lcm(long a,
   long b)
 Returns the least common multiple of the absolute value of two numbers,
 using the formula  lcm(a,b) = (a / gcd(a,b)) * b. | 
| static int | ArithmeticUtils. mulAndCheck(int x,
           int y)Multiply two integers, checking for overflow. | 
| static long | ArithmeticUtils. mulAndCheck(long a,
           long b)Multiply two long integers, checking for overflow. | 
| static double[] | MathArrays. normalizeArray(double[] values,
              double normalizedSum)Normalizes an array to make it sum to a specified value. | 
| static int | ArithmeticUtils. pow(int k,
   int e)Raise an int to an int power. | 
| static long | ArithmeticUtils. pow(long k,
   int e)Raise a long to an int power. | 
| BigReal | BigReal. reciprocal()Returns the multiplicative inverse of  thiselement. | 
| static float | Precision. round(float x,
     int scale,
     int roundingMethod)Rounds the given value to the specified number of decimal places. | 
| static long | CombinatoricsUtils. stirlingS2(int n,
          int k)Returns the 
 Stirling number of the second kind, " S(n,k)", the number of
 ways of partitioning ann-element set intoknon-empty
 subsets. | 
| static long | ArithmeticUtils. stirlingS2(int n,
          int k)Deprecated. 
 | 
| static int | ArithmeticUtils. subAndCheck(int x,
           int y)Subtract two integers, checking for overflow. | 
| static long | ArithmeticUtils. subAndCheck(long a,
           long b)Subtract two long integers, checking for overflow. | 
| static int | FastMath. toIntExact(long n)Convert a long to interger, detecting overflows | 
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